Svetlichny, L. & U. Obertegger. (2025). Influence of egg sacs on the swimming performance of freshwater cyclopoid copepods. Journal Of Plankton Research. 47(2)):1-9. Mar 2025. [online 2024].

487273

10.1093/plankt/fbae007 [view]

Svetlichny, L. & U. Obertegger

2025

47(2)):1-9. Mar 2025. [online 2024]

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Female cyclopoid copepods carry their embryos in egg sacs that impact swimming performance until nauplii hatch. We studied kinematic parameters and mechanical energy of small routine jumps and large escape jumps of non-egg-carrying (NEC) and egg-carrying (EC) females of Mesocyclops leuckarti and Macrocyclops albidus. The drag and body acceleration costs for EC females of M. leuckarti and M. albidus during routine jumps were 28 and 40%, respectively, higher than those for NEC females moving at the same speed. Maintaining position in the water column by small jumps was more costly for EC females, requiring 2.2-2.3 times more jumps and energy. Consequently, the persistence of EC females was limited in the open water. In M. leuckarti and M. albidus, the average speed and distances of jumps were 5-6 and 1.5-2.2 times higher, respectively, and the duration of jumps was 2.2-2.5 times shorter during escape than routine swimming. The maximum jumping speeds of NEC females, 40.6 and 50.5 cm s-1, respectively, were 12-14% higher than those of EC females, whereas their power and cost of transport were 16 and 23% lower, respectively. These results clearly indicated that egg sacs impair swimming and increase energetic costs of movement. 10.1134/S1995082924010164 The ambivalence of planktonic invaders has been studied using the example of ecosystem effects of the invasive cladoceran Cercopagis pengoi (Ostroumov, 1891) in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea. The influence of the invader on the taxonomic structure and productivity of plankton is studied. It is discovered that, in the long term, the predation pressure of C. pengoi on zooplankton has decreased; the abundance, biomass, and production of the dominant species of Rotifera, Cladocera, and Copepoda also declined. The ne-gative impact of C. pengoi on the planktonic community is reflected in a reduction in the food supply of juvenile Baltic herring and other planktivorous fish. The wide ecological niche of Cercopagis contributes to the expansion of its range, which can lead to a reduction in populations of phytophagous crustaceans, increased harmful algae blooms, and the further deterioration of the food supply of fish.

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